Solana: Signature verification failed. Missing signature for public key(s) [key1, key2] in jest test using anchor

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Title: Solana Signature Verification Failed: A Guide to Troubleshooting the Issue in Jest Tests Using Anchor

Introduction:

Solana is a fast and scalable blockchain platform that allows developers to quickly build decentralized applications (dApps). However, like any other blockchain, it relies on signatures to verify transactions and maintain the integrity of the network. In this article, we will explore why signature verification failed in our Jest tests using Anchor and provide steps to resolve the issue.

What is Signature Verification Failed:

A signature verification failure occurs when a test attempts to sign a transaction but does not obtain the required signature for the public key(s) being verified. This can happen for a variety of reasons, such as:

• Missing signatures (also known as “missing signers”)

• Incorrect private keys

• Private key rotation issues

Example mock test:

Let’s look at an example of how we could test this scenario using Jest and Anchor:

import { AnchorContract } from '@coral-xyz/anchor';
import { Program } from '@coral-xyz/anchor';
import { RoyaltyNft } from '../target/types/royalty_nft';
const contract = new AnchorContract(RoyaltyNft);
description('Signature verification failed', () => {
it('should raise an error when missing signatures are present', async () => {
// Create a test account with the public key
const publicKey1 = '0x1234567890abcdef1234def567890abfedcba';
const privateKey1 = '0x...'; // Replace with the real private key
// Create another test account with another public key
const publicKey2 = '0x...'; // Replace with the real private key
try {
await contract.signPublicKey(
publickey1,
privateKey1, // Correct signature for public key 1
publickey2,
privateKey2 // Missing signature for public key 2
);
throw new Error('Expected error');
} catch (error) {
expect(error.message).toBe('Missing signatures for public key(s)');
}
});
});

In this example, we create two test accounts with different public keys. Then, we try to sign a transaction using the first public key, but it fails due to missing signatures. The expect command checks to see if an error message is displayed stating that signatures for the second public key are missing.

Fix signature verification failed in Jest tests:

To resolve this issue, follow these steps:

• Verify private keys: Make sure your test accounts have the correct private keys.

• Update signPublicKey function: Modify the signPublicKey function to accept a map of public keys to signatures and an additional parameter for missing signatures.

• Add error handling: Wrap the signPublicKey call in a try-catch block to catch any errors that may be thrown due to missing signatures.

Here is an updated example:

“`javascript

import { AnchorContract } from ‘@coral-xyz/anchor’;

import { Program } from ‘@coral-xyz/anchor’;

import { RoyaltyNft } from ‘../target/types/royalty_nft’;

const contract = new AnchorContract(RoyaltyNft);

description(‘Signature verification failed’, () => {

it(‘should throw an error when missing signatures are present’, async () => {

// Create a test account with the public key

const publicKey1 = ‘0x1234567890abcdef1234def567890abfedcba’;

const privateKey1 = ‘0x…’; // Replace with the real private key

try {

wait for contract.

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