アミグダリンの抽出方法は？

Amygdalin is the mature seed of prunus armeniaca ansu. There is an glucoside containing cyanide (-CN) in amygdalin. The content of amygdalin in amygdalin is 20 to 30 times higher than that in sweet almond.

Alias: Amygdaloside

Molecular formula: C20H27NO11

Molecular weight :457.42

Properties: white powder

Determination method: HPLC

Production technology

Water extraction

With almond as raw material, the extraction process was as follows: extraction time 20 min, solid-liquid ratio 1:10, soaking time 30min, extraction twice, the extraction rate of amygdalin was close to 3.2%. The content of amygdalin in the extract was twice as high as that after cold water extraction. Water, extraction time and extraction times had no significant effect on the extraction rate of amygdalin, suggesting that hot water was better for extracting amygdalin from peach kernel. Using almond as raw material, the effects of water distillation method, reflux boiling method and alcohol extraction method on the extraction yield of amygdalin were compared. The results showed that the extraction yield of amygdalin using water distillation method was 95.77%, which was significantly higher than 55.61% and 64.88% respectively.

Alcohol extraction

Macroporous resin was used to separate and purify amygdalin from almond. The results showed that macroporous resin LSA-30 was suitable for adsorption and separation of amygdalin, and its saturated adsorption capacity was 55.52%. The adsorption conditions were as follows: room temperature extraction pH 6 ~ 9, adsorption flow rate 1 ~ 2 mL/min; The elution conditions were as follows: 40 ℃, eluent 60% ethanol (pH6 or pH8), elution flow rate 1 ~ 2 m L/min, the purity of amygdalin was 93.6%. Using loquat cores as raw materials, a macroporous adsorption resin with better adsorption performance was screened and amygdalin was isolated and purified. The results showed that macroporous adsorption resin HZ801 was suitable for adsorption and separation of amygdalin. The adsorption conditions were as follows: The concentration of liquid on the upper column was 1.0-1.5 g/L, the flow rate on the upper column was 2BV/h, the adsorption capacity was 11.5g/L, and the adsorption rate was 89.8%. The elution conditions were as follows: elution ethanol concentration of 40%, elution flow rate of 2 BV/h, eluent dosage of 2.5 BV, elution rate of 99.7%.

Macroporous adsorption resin separation and purification method

Apricot flower pollen was extracted with anhydrous ethanol at the ratio of solid to liquid 1:7, ultrasonic for 20 min and 12 h. The extraction yield of amygdalin was 6.1%. Amygdalin is easily soluble in hot ethanol, but slightly soluble in cold ethanol. The results showed that the crude amygdalin was obtained by adding 6 times 95% ethanol for 1h, which was extracted twice. The crude product was purified by recrystallization with anhydrous ethanol at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:30 for 3 times. The transfer rate was 45.92%.

Ultrasonic extraction

The effects of solid-liquid ratio, ethanol concentration, extraction temperature, extraction time and ultrasonic power on the extraction of amygdalin were studied. The results showed that the single factor process was as follows: solid-liquid ratio 1:5, ethanol concentration 80%, extraction temperature 70℃, extraction time 40 min and ultrasonic power 64 W.

Microwave extraction

Amygdalin was extracted by microwave-assisted method with almond as raw material and ethanol as solvent. The results showed that when the microwave power was 500 W, the extraction process was as follows: solid-liquid ratio 1:6, extraction temperature 75℃, extraction twice, each time 15 min, the extraction yield of amygdalin was 4.08%

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