Vigilance against these three serious problems can lead to blindness
Eyes are one of the most important sensory organs of human beings, which allows us to see the colorful world.
However, with the growth of age, environmental pollution, the pressure of life, and bad eye habits, our eyes will also suffer from a variety of threats, resulting in the decline of vision, and even blindness.
Among these threats, three eye diseases are the most common and dangerous: cataracts, glaucoma, and age-related macular degeneration.
These three eye diseases are known as “vision killers” because of their high incidence, hidden symptoms, difficult treatment, and severe blindness.
Cataract, the world’s first cause of blindness
A cataract occurs when the lens of the eye becomes cloudy, resulting in blurred vision, blindness, or color changes.
The main cause of cataracts is the growth of age, with aging, the protein of the lens will be denaturated, resulting in reduced transparency of the lens, the formation of cataracts.
In addition, a number of other factors, such as genetics, diabetes, eye trauma, ultraviolet light, smoking, alcoholism, malnutrition, drug allergies, etc., can also increase the risk of developing cataracts.
The symptoms of cataracts usually come on slowly and may start with blurred vision, like a mist, or a dimming of the color of the vision.
Or increased sensitivity to light, or increased myopia.
As cataracts develop, vision will gradually decline until you become completely blind.
A cataract is diagnosed by an ophthalmologist, using a microscope, fundus lens, or ultrasound to look at the condition of the lens and determine the type, extent, and location of the cataract.
There is only one treatment for cataracts, and that is surgery. The principle of the surgery is to remove the cloudy lens and then implant an artificial lens to restore vision.
There are a variety of surgical methods, such as phacoemulsification, femtosecond laser, or the type of intraocular lens, such as single-focus, multi-focus, or adjustable, which need to be selected according to the specific situation of the patient and the recommendation of the doctor.
The results are usually good, and most patients return to normal or near-normal vision after surgery.
The prevention of cataracts is mainly through maintaining good living habits;
Such as regular eye examination, avoid eye trauma, control blood sugar, stop smoking, limit alcohol, supplement antioxidants, such as vitamin C, E, A, etc., wear anti-ultraviolet glasses, reduce eye fatigue, and so on.
These methods can delay the development of cataracts, but cannot completely avoid them.
Therefore, once the symptoms of cataracts are found, medical attention should be sought in time to seek surgical treatment, so as not to miss the best time for surgery and cause unnecessary vision loss.
Glaucoma, the “Thief of Light”
Glaucoma is an eye disease in which pressure increases in the eye, leading to damage to the optic nerve, reduced vision, and even blindness.
The main cause of glaucoma is an imbalance in the metabolism of aqueous humor, the fluid inside the eye that nourishes the structure of the eye, maintains the shape of the eyeball, and regulates eye pressure.
When the secretion and discharge of aqueous humor are unbalanced, the eye pressure will rise, pressing the structure of the eye, especially the optic nerve, resulting in optic nerve atrophy, visual field defects, and even blindness.
In addition, several other factors, such as genetics, age, myopia, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, medications, eye trauma, infection, inflammation, etc., can also increase the risk of developing glaucoma.
The symptoms of glaucoma vary depending on the type.
There are two main types of glaucoma, one is open-angle glaucoma and the other is angle-closed glaucoma.
Open-angle glaucoma, the most common type, is characterized by a slow rise in eye pressure with no obvious symptoms, just a gradual decline in vision and a gradual narrowing of the field of vision until blindness.
Angle-closure glaucoma is a relatively rare one, it is characterized by a sharp rise in eye pressure, there are obvious symptoms, such as eye pain, headache, nausea, vomiting, sharp decline in vision, eyeball congestion, pupil dilation, and so on.
This condition requires urgent medical attention, or blindness can occur within hours.
Age-related macular disease, recognized as difficult to cure disease
Age-related macular degeneration is an eye disease in which the macular area of the eye degenerates, leading to loss of central vision and affecting everyday activities such as reading, writing, driving, and recognizing faces.
The macula is the central part of the retina of the eye and is responsible for our central vision, our ability to see fine details.
The main cause of age-related macular disease is the growth of age, with aging, the cells in the macular area will gradually damage and cannot work properly, resulting in a decline in vision.
In addition, a number of other factors, such as genetics, smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obesity, ultraviolet light, eye color, etc., can also increase the risk of developing age-related macular degeneration.
Symptoms of age-related macular degeneration usually appear in middle-aged and older adults, and may begin with blurred vision or distorted shapes or colors.
Or you see things a little dim, or you need more light to see clearly.
As age-related macular disease progresses, vision will gradually decline, a black spot or blank area will appear in the central visual field, and the peripheral visual field will also be affected, eventually leading to blindness.
The diagnostic method of age-related macular disease is to observe the condition of the macular area through an ophthalmologist’s examination, using fundus goggles, fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography and other instruments to determine the type, degree, and location of age-related macular disease.
At present, there is no cure for age-related macular disease, and only some methods can be used to delay or control the deterioration of the disease, or improve the quality of vision.
There are a variety of treatment methods, such as drug therapy, laser therapy, surgical treatment, nutritional supplementation, visual AIDS, etc., which need to be selected according to the specific situation of the patient and the recommendations of the doctor.
The effect of treatment is often uncertain, with some patients stabilizing or improving their vision and others failing to stop vision loss.
The prevention methods of age-related macular degeneration are mainly through maintaining good lifestyle habits, such as regular eye examination, smoking cessation, limiting alcohol consumption, controlling blood pressure, blood sugar, blood lipids, maintaining a healthy weight, and supplementation of antioxidants;
Such as vitamin C, E, A, zinc, lutein, etc., wear anti-ultraviolet glasses, reduce eye fatigue, and so on.
These methods can reduce the risk of age-related macular degeneration, but cannot completely avoid it.
Therefore, once the symptoms of age-related macular degeneration are found, medical treatment should be sought in time to avoid missing the best treatment opportunity and causing irreversible vision loss.
Cataracts, glaucoma, and age-related macular disease are three common “vision killers” that can seriously affect our vision and even lead to blindness.
We should be alert to the harm of these eye diseases, timely detection, timely treatment, but also pay attention to prevention, protect our eyes, cherish our light.
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